I've added more to this list recently. Additions include Alter-human, Shifter's Disease, Pet play and Pet Regression.
Alter-human
Alternative Humanity Personal Identity (AHPI) is "A category of personal identity which encompasses identification that is alternative to the common societal idea of humanity." You may decide to call yourself alterhuman if you experience an internal identity that is beyond the scope of what is traditionally considered ‘being human’. If you feel nonhuman but your experiences do not fit into Therianthropy or Otherkinity, you may want to learn more about Alter-humans.
Website -
https://www.alt-h.net/
Tumblr -
https://alt--h.tumblr.com/
Twitter -
https://twitter.com/alt__h
https://therian.wikia.com/wiki/Alter-human
Shifter's Disease
This "occurs when a person starts reading some therianthropic meaning into mundane, everyday occurances." Individuals who are researching Therianthropy may begin to trick themselves into thinking that normal feelings and sensations that can be explained rationally, are actually therianthropic shifts or evidence of Therianthropy. This in turn, leads them to falsely identify as a Therian for a short period of time.
This is similar to Medical Student's Disease (MSD) in which medical students perceive themselves to be experiencing the symptoms of a disease that they are studying.
https://therian.wikia.com/wiki/Shifter%27s_Disease
Pinky "Shifter's Disease"
https://web.archive.org/web/20010203200900/https://www.shifters.org/newbies/disease.shtml
Polar "What is Shifter's Disease"
https://web.archive.org/web/20010702102741/https://www.shifters.org/newbies/polar1.shtml
Animal-hearted/Other-hearted/Kith
People can obviously feel deeply connected with animals without identifying as nonhuman. Some Animal-hearted people do claim to have shifts similar to Therians.
https://therian.wikia.com/wiki/Animal-hearted
https://therian.wikia.com/wiki/Other-hearted
Copinglink/Otherlink
Therianthropy (and a therioside) is an innate part of us that is not consciously chosen. Copinglinks and Otherlinks knowingly create nonhuman personas as coping mechanisms or various other reasons.
https://therian.wikia.com/wiki/Copinglink
Creating an Alter Ego
An alter ego (Latin, "the other I") is a second self, which is believed to be distinct from a person's normal or original personality. The term also refers to "the different behaviors any person may display in certain situations" and "the part of someone's personality that is not usually seen by other people". Some create alter egos to live out better versions of themselves because it can be fun and empowering. Other people create alter egos to protect themselves. It's possible that young children and teens are creating nonhuman alter egos to explore who they are and test social situations.
Marelisa Fabrega, "How to Create an Alter Ego" (and Why You Should Want To), Daring to Live Fully Website,
https://daringtolivefully.com/alter-ego
https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/alter-ego
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alter_ego
Experience Taking
This psychological phenomenon occurs when a person reading a book, watching a movie or animation, or playing a game begins to mimic one of the fictional character's behaviors and personality.
Experience taking can happen without a person realizing it; however, it's usually temporary. "Psychologists have discovered that while reading a book or story, people are prone to subconsciously adopt their behavior, thoughts, beliefs and internal responses to that of fictional characters as if [these traits] were their own.
Experts have dubbed this subconscious phenomenon ‘experience-taking,’ where people actually change their own behaviors and thoughts to match those of a fictional character that they can identify with."
While experience taking is temporary, Therianthropy and Otherkinity are permanent identities.
Norman, Abby. “The Psychology of Fandom: Why We Get Attached to Fictional Characters.” The Mary Sue, 19 Aug. 2015,
http://www.themarysue.com/the-psychology-of-fandom/.
Hsu, Christine. “Psychologists Discover How People Subconsciously Become Their Favorite Fictional Characters.” Medical Daily, 14 May 2012,
http://www.medicaldaily.com/psychologists-discover-how-people-subconsciously-become-their-favorite-fictional-characters-240435.
"Getting ‘Lost in a Character’ Can Actually Change You" Live Science, May 7, 2012,
https://www.livescience.com/20133-lost-character-change.html
Roleplay/Pet Play/Pet Regression
It's fun to create characters and act out being someone or something else. This can be a positive interest or outlet. It's easy to feel connected to anthropomorphic characters. Mimicking these characters and their animal behavior can and does occur. Roleplaying is an interest or hobby that anyone can enjoy.
Pet Play is also roleplaying as an animal, but this activity can either be a sexual kink or nonsexual. It can also include bondage. There is usually a dominant and submissive partner. This is an activity that people choose to participate in and they can pretend to be any animal they choose.
Pet regression is when people prefer to act like animals to reduce stress, anxiety or it just makes some people happy. It is not sexual like pet play can be. This is considered a form of coping in the regression community. Pets enjoy imaginary play and they often have a caregiver to pet them, feed them, and give them rewards.
An individual participating in either of these activities may choose to dress up in items such as collars, leashes, ears, tails, and other items to help them act out their character. They also enjoy having chew toys and plushies like dogs and cats. People who are into pet play are known to use litter boxes during play.
How is Therianthropy different? Therianthropy as an identity is not related to sexual practices. Therianthropy is not a choice, and the therioside is also not a choice. Therianthropy is not a coping mechanism and is not a form of imaginary play. Therianthropes are comfortable with using modern amenities, and are not demanding to have litter boxes placed in public washrooms. Using litter boxes is something that pet players do in their own personal homes during roleplay. Some Therians may choose to also participate in these alternative activities, but roleplay as an animal and pet regression are not Modern Therianthropy.
Power Animals/Spirit Animals/Guides/Totems
"Everyone is thought to have a few of these guardian power animals, from childhood on. Over the course of her or his life the person may have several." (
https://www.shamanlinks.net/shaman-info/the-spirit-world/power-animals/ )
Power animals are external, independent entities that can guide us through difficult events in life. They are not limited by the physical world and may choose to speak to you. Others are more cryptic and will use symbology. It depends on what you need. Often, an animal guide will have specific qualities that help a person through a single event or challenge in life. This means spirit animals can be temporary and change over time. They can be with us for an extended period of time if we maintain the relationship with them. It is possible that working with a power animal can cause shift-like experiences that leads one to feel like an animal. These encounters should not be taken lightly and should be respected due to the connection to Shamanic and Aboriginal cultures across the globe.
In comparison, theriosides, are the inner animal self. They are based on real-world animals and should not be able to speak to you or carry on conversations. When identified correctly, theriosides are a permanent part of a person's identity, personality, and sense of self. I've worked with spirit guides and teachers myself, and for me personally, those experiences differ from Therianthropy.
Practising an Animal or Earth Based Spirituality/Religion
Therianthropy itself is not a religion or spirituality, and it does not require any individual to be a believer in such. There are many religions and spiritualities in which people worship gods or goddess that are often represented as animals. Some gods and goddesses appear as part animal and part human, such as Egyptian Gods. Believers of these theologies sometimes worship the animal itself too. Some rituals involve becoming the animal for a short period of time. Some beliefs also promote fellowship with all creatures on earth.
Editors of Encyclopedia Britannica, "Animal worship" February, 16 2018, Encyclopedia Britannica,
https://www.britannica.com/topic/animal-worship
Daemon
The following comes from The Daemon Page website.
A daemon is a personified version of the second half of someone's mental dialogue, usually mentally represented in an animal form. Usually has a name, gender and personality; usually the dæmon's personality is at least somewhat different from that of the person.
Daemons are considered to be "mental constructs" instead of spiritual entities. Mental construct means "The idea that dæmons are something that people "do" with their minds, rather than something that exists objectively and independently of us." They can be spoken to, and they can speak back to you. Daemons can change form or shape until they become stable, but some remain fluid.
Those of us who call ourselves "dæmians" have taken [Phillip] Pullman's wonderful dæmon concept (His Dark Materials) and turned it into a fun - and even useful - mental construct. For us, dæmons are a part of our consciousness that we've assigned a name, gender, and symbolic animal form. They're glorified imaginary friends that act as the other side of our mental dialogue - sometimes being the voice of reason, devil's advocate, or just a friend. Simply put, dæmons play the role of constant mental companion.
Daemians, people who enjoy daemonism, do not believe they are an animal like Therianthropes do. They do not identify as a nonhuman species. It is highly possible that a lot of people are actually creating daemons and then tricking themselves into having shift-like sensation and feeling nonhuman.
https://daemonpage.com/
https://daemonpage.com/forum/
Earth Listener, "Daemonism, Therianthropy, & Multiplicity" Project Shift, March 2011.
https://project-shift.net/daemonism-therianthropy-multiplicity/
Tulpa
The tulpa itself may not cause a person to feel nonhuman, but it could be possible for a person to create an animal tulpa and mistake it as a therioside. This could easily lead them to confuse normal behaviors and sensations with being nonhuman. Whereas a therioside usually merges and integrates with the humanside of us, a Tulpa becomes more and more independent and separate.
The most general definition as accepted by the Western tulpamancy community is as follows: A tulpa is a thought-form that is imagined into existence. It is a sentient and autonomous mental companion. Tulpas are–or resemble to an indistinguishable point–a second consciousness co-inhabiting a brain with their creator. Upon creating a tulpa, the creator, or “host” will essentially share their head and their life with another person. They are distinct from the host in that they possess their own personality, opinions, and actions, which are independent of the host’s, and are conscious entities in that they possess awareness of themselves and the world.
Tulpamancy is a branch of the wider phenomenon of plurality. Plurality is an umbrella term encompassing all phenomena where multiple consciousnesses coinhabit a brain. It should be noted that Western tulpamancy is a practice that is wholly different from the original practice in Tibetan Buddhism. Tulpas are now created for a variety of reasons, some similar and many very different from the reasons of Buddhism and occultism–curiosity, understanding the brain and the nature of selfhood, inspiration, and, most commonly, companionship." The Western tulpamancy community does not believe that the tulpa can physically manifest.
https://tulpa.io/what-is-a-tulpa
https://www.tulpa.info/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulpa
Plurality Resource -
https://pluralityresource.org/
Plural Related Links and Resources -
https://houseofchimeras.weebly.com/resources.html
Interacting with/Observing an Animal
When we are around animals often, we can begin to unintentionally mimic them. Veterinarians, animal handlers, and researchers may need to think like those animals in order to treat, train, and study them. For some people, it's possible that they may temporarily feel more animal-like than human. This can also happen to children who are raised around animals. Some imprinting may happen, but most children grow out of it. However, it is possible that imprinting on a nonhuman animal could lead to Therianthropy in some cases.
https://therian.wikia.com/wiki/Psychological_Therianthropy#Imprinting_and_Development
Medical/Psychological Conditions
The following can cause people to have unusual feelings about their physical bodies and react to their environment in ways that might make them feel nonhuman. In most cases, Therianthropes live a balanced and successful life. An individual could be a Therianthrope and also have one of these disorders with the Therianthropy being a positive part of the individual's life. If your quality of life is being negatively affected for any reason, please seek professional guidance. This information should not be used for self diagnosis.
Bodily Aches/Pains
It was mentioned by several people that back pain can possibly cause an imaginative person to think they have wings or other nonhuman phantom limbs or cameo shifts. Also pain could make it harder to figuring out if you’re Therian/Otherkin. If you are in pain, the first explanation should not be that you are Therian/Otherkin. Pain that lasts more for several day or that is acute and/or accompanied with fever/numbness/tingling should be checked on by a medical professional. Don't go untreated because you want to be Therian/Otherkin.
Dissociative Disorders
Dissociative disorders involve problems with memory, identity, emotion, perception, behavior and sense of self. Dissociative symptoms can potentially disrupt every area of mental functioning. The attitude and personal preferences of a person with dissociative identity disorder (multiple peronsality disorder) may suddenly shift and then shift back. The identities happen involuntarily and are unwanted and cause distress.
There are three types of dissociative disorders:
Dissociative identity disorder
Dissociative amnesia
Depersonalization/derealization disorder
Others in this category can include but are not limited to Depression, Bipolar Disorder, Schizophrenia, and borderline personality disorder.
https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/dissociative-disorders/what-are-dissociative-disorders
https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/conditions/depersonalizationderealization-disorder
https://www.webmd.com/mental-health/depersonalization-disorder-mental-health#1
Clinical Lycanthropy
Clinical lycanthropy is a rare form of reverse inter- metamorphosis wherein patients believe that they are undergoing transformation or have transformed into a non-human animal. In comparison, Therianthropes do not suffer from the hallucinations or delusions of having physically transformed.
https://www.livescience.com/44875-werewolves-in-psychiatry.html
https://neuro.psychiatryonline.org/doi/pdf/10.1176/appi.neuropsych.13030057
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14674954
Autism Spectrum/Asperger Syndrome
Autism Spectrum Disorder is a neurodevelopmental disorder that impacts brain development causing most individuals to experience communication problems, difficulty with social interactions and a tendency to repeat specific patterns of behaviour. There is also a markedly restricted repertoire of activities and interests. Some people who are autistic may feel isolated, because they have trouble interacting and communicating with other people. A lot of people on the autism spectrum are also hypersensitive to light or sounds which can make it difficult for them to go out in public. They may also feel like they don't belong, and all of this can possibly make them feel inhuman. Some describe feeling "alien" because they have trouble with social situations and reading normal human behavior.
https://autismcanada.org/about-autism/
Therianthropy and the Autism Spectrum - A Dissection, February 10, 2018
https://thetadelta.tumblr.com/post/170743523134/therianthropy-the-autism-spectrum-a-dissection
Wrong Planet Forums "Feeling Alien-like/Inhuman?" -
https://wrongplanet.net/forums/viewtopic.php?t=342900
Aspies Central "Do You Feel Like an Alien?" -
https://www.autismforums.com/threads/do-you-feel-like-an-alien.1648/
Being LGTB+ Instead
(The next possibility is controversial, but we felt that it should be included.)
While there is no published data about the number of LGTB+ people in the Therianthrope community, the number does seem to be high compared to the regular population. The Furry Fandom and Therianthropy are not to be confused with one another, but a lot of Therians also participate in the Furry culture.
"It may be the case that the furry fandom, which espouses openness and acceptance as its central virtues, may be a particularly welcoming place for members of sexual minorities." "Ultimately, future research is needed to clarify the nature of these interesting sex and fandom differences in sexual orientation."
Plante, C. N., Reysen, S., Roberts, S. E., & Gerbasi, K. C. (2016). FurScience! A summary of five years of research from the International Anthropomorphic Research Project. Waterloo, Ontario: FurScience.
https://sites.google.com/site/anthropomorphicresearch/home/publications
The same could be true for the Therian community. It could be seen as a safe place in which to explore sexuality by a person saying their therioside is the opposite gender of the human body. Of course, this might not mean that person is actually a Therianthrope. An individual who is surrounded by anti LGTB+ might use Therianthropy as a reason for why they don't feel comfortable in their body. Therianthropy could be a safer alternative explanation that the individual could keep to themselves without feeling guilty or ashamed. People who join the Therian community often come out as LGTB+ after they have been accepted and found it to be a safe environment in which to discuss how they feel about their gender dysphoria. The feeling of being nonhuman could diminish as a person accepts that they are LGTB+.